Are you curious about the basics of computer networking and how it has transformed the way we communicate and share information? From sending emails to streaming videos, networking technology has become an integral part of our lives. From switches to routers to wireless access points, this blog post will cover it all. Join us as we explore the world of networking and its importance in our modern lives.
The Benefits of a Career in Technical Support
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Technical support job may not be the first choice that comes to mind when anyone considers getting into the tech industry, but it is a great career option. Here we are making a case for technical support jobs and why it is the perfect entry to the tech industry. If you are interested in starting your career in tech, you’re at the right place.
Default Network Ports for Common Services
Today all computers are interconnected and have to communicate with each other over a network. before passing this information these systems first establish a connection each end of which is a socket, A port is a logical address that is assigned to a specific service on the computer, and along with the IP address, it creates this socket, In this article, we understand more about ports and the common default or well-known ports used by services.
Uses of Tshark/Wireshark for beginners
Most of the time when we connect to the internet, we don’t think about the network protocols which work behind that make it all possible. Right now, while you are reading this article, many packets are being exchanged by your computer and traveling across the internet.
To understand these protocols, you need a tool that can capture and help you analyze these packets. Wireshark is a popular open source graphical user interface (GUI) tool for analyzing packets. However, it also provides a powerful command-line utility called TShark for people who prefer to work on the Linux command line.
Check your installation
First, ensure the required packages are installed:
# rpm -qa | grep -i wiresharkIf the Wireshark package is installed, check whether the TShark utility is installed and, if so, which version:
# tshark -vIf you are logged in as a regular, non-root user, you need sudo rights to use the TShark utility. Root users can skip sudo and directly run the tshark command.
Useful tshark commands
- All tshark commands displayed on your machine
# sudo tshark -h
- 2. Capture network traffic with tshark by providing interface
# sudo tshark -i <interface>
- Capture network packets and copy in file traffic-capture.pcap
- By using -w options, user can easily copy all output of tshark tool into single file of format pcap.
tshark -i <interface> -w <file-name>.pcap- Read captured packets with tshark by providing input pcap file
- By using option -r with tshark, user can read saved pcap file easily.
tshark -r <file-name>.pcap- Capture packets and copy traffic into .pcap file for the particular duration
- If user wants to capture network traffic from the live network for a specific period of time, just use -a option. Below command helps you to capture traffic for a particular duration.
tshark -i <interface> -a duration:<time>
- Capture the specific number of packets
- tshark tool provide flexibility to user to display specific number of captured packets.
tshark -c <number> -i <interface>
- Capture only packets from the specific source or destination IP
- This is most used command by security researchers and network engineers. If you want to filter traffic based on specific IP, use -f option.
tshark -i <interface> -f "host <IP>"
- Capture only specific protocol network packets
- Below example shows how you can filter specific protocol while displaying results of tool tshark.
tshark -i <interface> -f "<protocol>"- Note: <protocol> may be tcp, udp, dns etc.
Conclusion
This short tutorial equipped you to initiate the use of tshark in analyzing network traffic. You can use different options in the same command to filter results more specific to your requirement.
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Author
Pravin Tewari
Senior Manager, Application and Cloud Support
Pravin is a visionary professional with over 11 years of experience in Technical Support, Cloud Infrastructure Management, and Customer Experience. He has hands-on experience in working across the lifecycle of project delivery and deployment, solution consulting, and support. He has deep experience in managing cloud deployments and implementing DevOps tools for automation to provide better uptime. Pravin has successfully led large product & cloud support teams, and coached & mentored a high-performing team that delivers high-quality service to customers.
Top 10 network commands and their uses
Today every computer is connected to some other computer through a network whether internally or externally to exchange some information. This network can be small as some computers connected in your home or office, or can be large or complicated as in large offices or the entire Internet.
Maintaining a system’s network is a task of the System/Network administrator.
Here is a list of 10 Networking commands that must be known to the network administrator/tech support engineer
- ifconfig
- ip
- ping
- traceroute
- netstat
- telnet
- dig
- netcat
- nmap
- Wireshark
1. ifconfig
ifconfig, will be one of the most used commands and for a long time it was the default command used to configure and troubleshoot network interface and issues on linux, ifconfig is a command-line interface tool for network interface configuration and is also used to initialize interfaces at system boot time.
It is also used to view the IP Address, Hardware / MAC address, as well as MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) size of the currently active interfaces.
Running ifconfig without any arguments, lists all the interfaces which are currently in operation
ifconfigTo list all interfaces which are currently available, whether up or down, use the -a flag
[centos@midas ~]$ ifconfig -a
enp3s0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.152 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
inet6 fe80::da72:6a96:b4cc:b4d6 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:e0:4d:1e:b3:1c txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1443 bytes 111527 (108.9 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 124 bytes 10010 (9.7 KiB)
TX errors 8 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 144 bytes 12836 (12.5 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 144 bytes 12836 (12.5 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
wlp0s20u6: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.29.22 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.29.255
inet6 fe80::6ebc:877a:f6c0:885c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
inet6 2405:201:4019:91a2:d7c7:e3b2:ae40:468a prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global>
ether 3c:33:00:60:48:f8 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 551536 bytes 105040791 (100.1 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 51404 bytes 5621067 (5.3 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
Viewing the configuration of a specific interface
[centos@midas ~]$ ifconfig enp3s0
enp3s0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.152 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
inet6 fe80::da72:6a96:b4cc:b4d6 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:e0:4d:1e:b3:1c txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1443 bytes 111527 (108.9 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 124 bytes 10010 (9.7 KiB)
TX errors 8 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
Configuring an interface
[root@midas ~]# ifconfig enp3s0 192.168.1.122 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
[root@midas ~]# ifconfig enp3s0
enp3s0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.122 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
inet6 fe80::da72:6a96:b4cc:b4d6 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:e0:4d:1e:b3:1c txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1443 bytes 111527 (108.9 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 124 bytes 10010 (9.7 KiB)
TX errors 8 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
2. IP
The IP command is the new default networking command for linux and has replaced ifconfig, it is a part of iproute2util package. IP command takes different flags and syntax than if config command. The ip command is more versatile and technically more efficient than ifconfig because it uses Netlink sockets, though the syntax can be more complex than ifconfig
To list all the all the interfaces we can use “”ip addr show”” or “”ip a”” for short
[root@midas ~]# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp3s0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:e0:4d:1e:b3:1c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.122/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute enp3s0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::da72:6a96:b4cc:b4d6/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: wlp0s20u6: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 3c:33:00:60:48:f8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.29.22/24 brd 192.168.29.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute wlp0s20u6
valid_lft 15969sec preferred_lft 15969sec
inet6 2405:201:4019:91a2:d7c7:e3b2:ae40:468a/64 scope global dynamic noprefixroute
valid_lft 3596sec preferred_lft 3596sec
inet6 fe80::6ebc:877a:f6c0:885c/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
Add IP address
[root@midas ~]# ip a add 192.168.1.152/24 dev enp3s0
[root@midas ~]# ip a show enp3s0
2: enp3s0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:e0:4d:1e:b3:1c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.122/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute enp3s0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.1.152/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary noprefixroute enp3s0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::da72:6a96:b4cc:b4d6/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
Enable or disable a network
ip commands uses the set sub command for this operation
ip link set enp3s0 up
ip link set enp3s0 down3. Ping
Ping is a simple, widely used, cross-platform networking utility for testing if a host is reachable on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. It works by sending a series of Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
ping is a very common and relatively simple command, but it also provides there are some great options and techniques that make the tool even better, to troubleshoot connectivity issues
[root@midas ~]# ping 192.168.29.1
PING 192.168.29.1 (192.168.29.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.29.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.59 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.29.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=2.00 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.29.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.30 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.29.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.49 ms
^C
--- 192.168.29.1 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3004ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.303/1.592/1.995/0.253 ms
ping -a <host>, adds audible cue, giving a system sound whenever the pings are successful
ping -c <host>, lets you adjust the number of pings
ping <hostname> also lets you display the ip address of the hostname
Output from ping
- ping output provides some useful insights into the quality of the network, the most important metrics are packet loss, time,
- whether the target host is reachable (active) or not,
- to measure the amount of time it takes for packets to get to the target host and back to your computer
- the packet loss, expressed as a percentage.
- timeout message indicates that your machine believes it sent successful ping queries to the destination but it did not receive the replies in the specified time
- TTL means “”time to live””. It is a value on an ICMP packet and this value is decreased every time a router touches the packet. If the TTL ever reaches zero, the packet is discarded. It is a measure of the number of hops the packet took to reach the destination, if your initial value was 64 and now you see a value of 28 there are 36 hops between the originated and final destination
- Time metric can also be used to assess the quality of the network and it provides insights into latency and jitter in the network, a high response time signifies high latency, where as a fluctuating time value in response signifies jitter.
4. Traceroute
Traceroute is a command-line utility for tracing the full path from your local system to another network system. It prints a number of hops (router IPs) in that path you travel to reach the end server. It is an easy-to-use network troubleshooting utility after the ping command
5. Netstat (network statistics)
netstat (network statistics) is the command-line tool for monitoring network connections both incoming and outgoing as well as viewing routing tables, interface statistics, etc. It can be used for troubleshooting and for configuration.
Listing all ports
Note : we have used more to control the output, it is not necessary
[root@midas ~]# netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:ipp 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:ssh 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 96 midas.upspiroffice.:ssh 192.168.29.147:53980 ESTABLISHED
tcp6 0 0 [::]:ssh [::]:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 localhost:ipp [::]:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:mdns 0.0.0.0:*
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:47053 0.0.0.0:*
udp 0 0 midas.upspiroffi:bootpc reliance.relianc:bootps ESTABLISHED
udp 0 0 localhost:323 0.0.0.0:*
udp6 0 0 [::]:mdns [::]:*
List only TCP port connections
For listing only TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) port connections using netstat -at.
[root@midas ~]# netstat -at
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:ipp 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:ssh 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 288 midas.upspiroffice.:ssh 192.168.29.147:53980 ESTABLISHED
tcp6 0 0 [::]:ssh [::]:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 localhost:ipp [::]:* LISTEN
[root@midas ~]#
Listing all active listening ports netstat -l
Listing all active listening UDP ports by using option netstat -lu
Showing network interface packet transactions including both transferring and receiving packets with MTU size
[root@midas ~]# netstat -i
Kernel Interface table
Iface MTU RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
enp3s0 1500 133 0 0 0 38 5 0 0 BMRU
lo 65536 44 0 0 0 44 0 0 0 LRU
wlp0s20u6 1500 844 0 0 0 198 0 0 0 BMRU
6. Telnet
Telnet command is used to establish the connections between different machines. This command allows us to manage the remote devices using the CLI (command-line interface)
Open a connection with a remote host
[root@localhost centos]# telnet 192.168.1.22 80
Trying 192.168.29.22...
Connected to 192.168.29.22.
Escape character is '^]'.
If no port is specified, it uses TCP port 23 which is assigned to the telnet protocol
7. Nslookup
tool for testing and troubleshooting DNS servers (Domain Name Server). It is used to query specific DNS resource records (RR) as well
8. Dig (Domain Information Groper)
just like nslookup command, this command is used for querying and getting information of DNS (Domain Name System).
Dig stands for (Domain Information Groper) is a network administration command-line tool for querying Domain Name System (DNS) name servers.
[root@localhost centos]# dig yahoo.com
; <<>> DiG 9.16.23-RH <<>> yahoo.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 26615
;; flags: qr rd ra ad; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 6, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;yahoo.com. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
yahoo.com. 561 IN A 74.6.231.21
yahoo.com. 561 IN A 74.6.231.20
yahoo.com. 561 IN A 74.6.143.25
yahoo.com. 561 IN A 98.137.11.163
yahoo.com. 561 IN A 98.137.11.164
yahoo.com. 561 IN A 74.6.143.26
;; Query time: 2 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.29.1#53(192.168.29.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 29 15:27:37 IST 2022
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 123
Dig command reads the /etc/resolv.conf file and querying the DNS servers listed there
To query domain “A” record with +short
[root@localhost centos]# dig yahoo.com +short
98.137.11.164
74.6.143.26
74.6.231.21
74.6.231.20
74.6.143.25
98.137.11.163
9. Netcat
Netcat (or nc in short) is a simple yet powerful networking command-line tool used for performing any operation in Linux related to TCP, UDP, or UNIX-domain sockets.
Netcat can be used for port redirection, as a port listener (for incoming connections); it can also be used to open remote connections and so many other things. Besides, you can use it as a backdoor to gain access to a target server.
Here is an example, the -z option sets nc to simply scan for listening daemons, without actually sending any data to them. The -v option enables verbose mode and -w specifies a timeout for connection that can not be established.
10. Nmap
Network Mapper is an open-source and a very versatile tool for Linux system/network administrators. Nmap is used for exploring networks, performing security scans, network audit,s and finding open ports on the remote machine
Nmap allows you to scan your network, to discover not only what is connected to it but also a host of other information like what devices are listening on which ports, it comes with a large number of scanning techniques and filters.
Scan a System with Hostname and IP Address
to find out all open ports, services and MAC addresses on the system.
nmap hostname
nmap ipaddress[root@midas centos]# nmap 192.168.29.44
Starting Nmap 7.91 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2022-09-29 15:42 IST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.29.44
Host is up (0.021s latency).
Not shown: 997 filtered ports
PORT STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open ssh
2049/tcp open nfs
MAC Address: 80:86:F2:47:E4:C4 (Intel Corporate)
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 10.53 seconds
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Author
Pravin Tewari
Senior Manager, Application and Cloud Support
Pravin is a visionary professional with over 11 years of experience in Technical Support, Cloud Infrastructure Management, and Customer Experience. He has hands-on experience in working across the lifecycle of project delivery and deployment, solution consulting, and support. He has deep experience in managing cloud deployments and implementing DevOps tools for automation to provide better uptime. Pravin has successfully led large product & cloud support teams, and coached & mentored a high-performing team that delivers high-quality service to customers.
10 best entry level tech jobs and skills required to get hired
In today’s world of technology, IT is the most flourishing field. In fact, industry body NASSCOM has recently pointed out that before the pandemic, Indian IT companies were reporting annual growth rates of around 6-7%, which have now increased to around 15-20%. [1]
IT industry is one sector which is growing very fast worldwide. It helps to provide jobs and opportunities for professional success. It can really be a source of quick employment, opportunities in all sectors, numerous career paths, and well-paid salaries. Here we describe the 10 entry-level IT positions while you search for a job.
It is important to note that some roles do provide entry-level positions but some of these are specialized roles and generally companies do look for knowledge of systems and networks as well as prior experience, so it is a good idea to start with roles 1-5 and then opt for the other roles based on your interests and experience.
1. Help Desk Technician
Help Desk technician forms the first level of IT support, a help desk technician provides technical support/assistance, whether on the phone /in-person/ or remotely. When an employee/computer user (within the organization or at a client’s end) has problems with hardware, software, or a network, they call on a help desk to assist. As a help desk technician, your main responsibility is to receive the requests and be responsible for responding to email, chat, or phone queries, and offering technical support to customers using the tools available.
The title for the role may vary, help desk technicians may also be called, help desk analysts, desktop support, service desk technicians, etc. collectively referred to as help desk positions. Many IT professionals start their career in help desk roles, it is a good position to consider if you don’t know where to start in IT, you get the necessary exposure to the domain and as you gain experience and knowledge you can further decide your career path.
Skills required: Help desk roles need basic IT / Troubleshooting skills, normally organizations don’t as for certifications. Even non-IT graduates are eligible for these roles. You will need good communication and process handling skills for these roles.
2. Technical Support / IT Technician
Technical Support roles are similar to help desk technician in way that they also support the technical issues faced by end users, but while help desk job is to support user issues, technical support works on actual technical issues that cause the problem. Technical support is a trained person who has the knowledge of operating systems and networks and is able to troubleshoot the issues that arise due to them.
IT technicians can also be called IT associates, IT analysts, or IT specialists. Some companies may have IT technicians do help desk work as well. This position is a very good start to enter in IT sector jobs and later when you gain experience, you can enter other fields such as network administrator, DBA, or IT security specialist.
Skills required: Technical Support / IT technician roles need to be from IT background, companies seek good knowledge of operating systems, Networking, and in some cases SQL as well. Good communication skills and troubleshooting skills are also needed for this role.
3. Application Support Engineer
Application support engineer role is similar to IT Technician, as they also need to work on technical issues, but in this case in addition to the general operating system and network issues they actually support the applications issues as well which is a product of the company or for which company offers the services.
Here in addition to the operating system and network knowledge, additional knowledge on SQL, HTML, and Scripting may also be required, the organizations also provide product-specific training to those who join in these roles. Similar to IT Technician, this position is a very good start to enter in IT sector jobs as this provides the necessary exposure and once you gain experience, you can enter other fields such as network administrator, DBA or IT security specialist.
Skills required: Companies look for candidates from IT backgrounds with good knowledge of the operating system, Networking, and SQL. Apart from these companies also seek knowledge in web technologies. Good communication skills and troubleshooting skills are also needed for this role.
4. System Administrator
System Administrator is a very important person in the organization as he is responsible for the smooth working of the IT systems on day-to-day basis. He looks after servers, network performance, security tools, operating systems etc. Unlike tech support roles system administrator roles are more specialized in ensuring systems within the organization function smoothly. Their roles can overlap with the Network Administrators.
System Administrator’s should have full knowledge about hardware and software and have plans to resolve any issue. They should also have good communication with management employees so that they can reach out to them whenever required. This role also provides opportunities to grow, as you gain experience and expand your skill set you can advance to roles like systems engineer or systems architect.
Skills required: Companies look for candidates from IT backgrounds with experience and sound knowledge of networking. Companies look for certifications and associated degrees. Good communication skills and troubleshooting skills are also needed for this role.
5. Network Engineer / Network Support Engineer
Network Engineer / Network support engineer role is similar to technical support role, but the focus here is limited to networking knowledge and troubleshooting of network / “network device” related issues, In a way, this is a more specialized role.
Here you need limited knowledge of operating systems, and hardware but sound knowledge of networking concepts and specialized certification for any of network hardware vendors like cisco is needed., and they support the technical issues in the network or network devices.
Skills required: Companies look for candidates from IT backgrounds with experience and sound knowledge of networking. Companies look for certifications and associated degrees. Good communication skills and troubleshooting skills are also needed for this role.
6. Database Administrator
Database Administrator is responsible for the business aspects of the organization. They manage and maintain company databases. They monitor the database performance and take corrective action, address any issues related to the database, and ensure security and backup of databases as per company policies.
It is a specialized role generally companies look for experience candidates, basic knowledge of operating systems, networking, etc is also required as databases are also a part of the systems. Database is offered by different vendors ( MS SQL, Oracle etc or NoSQL databases or opensource database like mysql and postgresql). Companies either look for skills in a specific database technology or in some cases general skills across databases.
Skills required: Again, this is a specialized role and companies do look for experience and IT background with solid knowledge of systems, operating systems, servers, cloud technologies, and networking. Apart from this companies look for the ability to program in high-level languages like python, knowledge of microservice architecture (Docker, Kubernetes) ability use Devops / CICD tools
8. Information Security Analyst
In this era when everything is online and tech-based, a lot of companies have faced the problem of breaches. An Information Security Analyst is a person who helps to protect you from such issues.
Their job is to detect the different aspects of security like network security and software security. He also makes sure that data is available to the authorized people in the company. They conduct security audits, are responsible for conducting security assessment tests, and coordinate with key stakeholders to ensure remediation activities are performed.
Skills required: This is a specialized role and companies do look for experience and IT background with strong knowledge of systems, operating systems, servers, cloud technologies, and networking. Apart from this companies look for a sound knowledge of penetration testing principles, tools and techniques, knowledge system and application security threats and vulnerabilities, and skills in scripting languages.
9. Cloud Engineer
Cloud Engineer is someone who deals with cloud computing. This includes managing, planning, architecting, and monitoring cloud systems. He should also know how to implement the best practices to deploy an application on the cloud.
Sometime back cloud computing was considered a luxury but today it has become a necessity. There is a lot of scope and high salary in this field.
Skills required: This is a specialized role and companies do look for experience and companies not only look for skills in cloud technologies (AWS, Azure, Oracle) but also the knowledge of operating systems, networking, and fundamentals of hardware (cpu, storage, RAM etc)
10. Web Developer / Software Developer / Mobile Developer
Requirements: Ability to program / Experience with programming languages. Associate, bachelor’s, or master’s degrees may be requested.
Web Developers / Software Developers need programming skills, and depending upon the role the expertise may wary. Web developer roles in generally attributed to those building websites, whereas software developers build the applications/ software products and applications, with a lot of businesses having their web portals as their prime products these roles also overlap.
Skills required: Companies look for skills in front end technologies, back end technologies or full stack developers, with proficiency in programming languages. For web development, you will need skills in HTML, CSS, and Javascript while for backend you will need skills in python, Ruby or PHP. For software development, you will need skills in programming languages like Java, C++ etc . While for mobile development you will need skills in specific mobile app development languages